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Compare Turks and Caicos Islands (2001) - Arctic Ocean (2002)

Compare Turks and Caicos Islands (2001) z Arctic Ocean (2002)

 Turks and Caicos Islands (2001)Arctic Ocean (2002)
 Turks and Caicos IslandsArctic Ocean
Administrative divisions none (overseas territory of the UK) -
Age structure 0-14 years:
32.58% (male 2,996; female 2,908)

15-64 years:
63.51% (male 6,050; female 5,459)

65 years and over:
3.91% (male 316; female 393) (2001 est.)		 -
Agriculture - products corn, beans, cassava (tapioca), citrus fruits; fish -
Airports 8 (2000 est.) -
Airports - with paved runways total:
4

1,524 to 2,437 m:
3

914 to 1,523 m:
1 (2000 est.)		 -
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
4

914 to 1,523 m:
2

under 914 m:
2 (2000 est.)		 -
Area total:
430 sq km

land:
430 sq km

water:
0 sq km		 total: 14.056 million sq km


note: includes Baffin Bay, Barents Sea, Beaufort Sea, Chukchi Sea, East Siberian Sea, Greenland Sea, Hudson Bay, Hudson Strait, Kara Sea, Laptev Sea, Northwest Passage, and other tributary water bodies
Area - comparative 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC slightly less than 1.5 times the size of the US
Background The islands were part of the UK's Jamaican colony until 1962, when they assumed the status of a separate crown colony upon Jamaica's independence. The governor of The Bahamas oversaw affairs from 1965 to 1973. With Bahamian independence, the islands received a separate governor in 1973. Although independence was agreed upon for 1982, the policy was reversed and the islands are presently a British overseas territory. The Arctic Ocean is the smallest of the world's five oceans (after the Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, and the recently delimited Southern Ocean). The Northwest Passage (US and Canada) and Northern Sea Route (Norway and Russia) are two important seasonal waterways. A sparse network of air, ocean, river, and land routes circumscribes the Arctic Ocean.
Birth rate 24.89 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Budget revenues:
$47 million

expenditures:
$33.6 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1997-1998 est.)		 -
Capital Cockburn Town (on Grand Turk) -
Climate tropical; marine; moderated by trade winds; sunny and relatively dry polar climate characterized by persistent cold and relatively narrow annual temperature ranges; winters characterized by continuous darkness, cold and stable weather conditions, and clear skies; summers characterized by continuous daylight, damp and foggy weather, and weak cyclones with rain or snow
Coastline 389 km 45,389 km
Constitution introduced 30 August 1976; suspended in 1986; restored and revised 5 March 1988 -
Country name conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
Turks and Caicos Islands		 -
Currency US dollar (USD) -
Death rate 4.47 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Debt - external $NA -
Dependency status overseas territory of the UK -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas territory of the UK) -
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas territory of the UK) -
Disputes - international none some maritime disputes (see littoral states); Russia is the first state to submit data to the UN Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf to extend its continental shelf by claiming two undersea ridges in the Arctic Ocean
Economic aid - recipient $4.1 million (1997) -
Economy - overview The Turks and Caicos economy is based on tourism, fishing, and offshore financial services. Most capital goods and food for domestic consumption are imported. The US was the leading source of tourists in 1996, accounting for more than half of the 87,000 visitors; tourist arrivals had risen to 93,000 by 1998. Major sources of government revenue include fees from offshore financial activities and customs receipts. Economic activity is limited to the exploitation of natural resources, including petroleum, natural gas, fish, and seals.
Electricity - consumption 4.6 million kWh (1999) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production 5 million kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)		 -
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m

highest point:
Blue Hills 49 m		 lowest point: Fram Basin -4,665 m


highest point: sea level 0 m
Environment - current issues limited natural fresh water resources, private cisterns collect rainwater endangered marine species include walruses and whales; fragile ecosystem slow to change and slow to recover from disruptions or damage; thinning polar icepack
Ethnic groups black -
Exchange rates the US dollar is used -
Executive branch chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1953), represented by Governor Mervyn JONES (since 27 January 2000)

head of government:
Chief Minister Derek H. TAYLOR (since 31 January 1995)

cabinet:
Executive Council consists of three ex officio members and five appointed by the governor from among the members of the Legislative Council

elections:
none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; chief minister appointed by the governor		 -
Exports $4.7 million (1993) -
Exports - commodities lobster, dried and fresh conch, conch shells -
Exports - partners US, UK -
Fiscal year calendar year -
Flag description blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the colonial shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield is yellow and contains a conch shell, lobster, and cactus -
GDP purchasing power parity - $128 million (1999 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
NA%

industry:
NA%

services:
NA%		 -
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $7,300 (1999 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 8.7% (1999 est.) -
Geographic coordinates 21 45 N, 71 35 W 90 00 N, 0 00 E
Geography - note 30 islands (eight inhabited) major chokepoint is the southern Chukchi Sea (northern access to the Pacific Ocean via the Bering Strait); strategic location between North America and Russia; shortest marine link between the extremes of eastern and western Russia; floating research stations operated by the US and Russia; maximum snow cover in March or April about 20 to 50 centimeters over the frozen ocean; snow cover lasts about 10 months
Highways total:
121 km

paved:
24 km

unpaved:
97 km (2000)		 -
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%		 -
Illicit drugs transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe -
Imports $46.6 million (1993) -
Imports - commodities food and beverages, tobacco, clothing, manufactures, construction materials -
Imports - partners US, UK -
Independence none (overseas territory of the UK) -
Industrial production growth rate NA% -
Industries tourism, offshore financial services -
Infant mortality rate 18.06 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 4% (1995) -
International organization participation Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau) -
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 14 (2000) -
Irrigated land NA sq km -
Judicial branch Supreme Court -
Labor force 4,848 (1990 est.) -
Labor force - by occupation about 33% in government and 20% in agriculture and fishing; significant numbers in tourism, financial, and other services (1997 est.) -
Land boundaries 0 km -
Land use arable land:
2%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
98% (1993 est.)		 -
Languages English (official) -
Legal system based on laws of England and Wales, with a small number adopted from Jamaica and The Bahamas -
Legislative branch unicameral Legislative Council (19 seats, of which 13 are popularly elected; members serve four-year terms)

elections:
last held 4 March 1999 (next to be held by NA 2003)

election results:
percent of vote by party - PDM 52.2%, PNP 40.9%, independent 6.9%; seats by party - PDM 9, PNP 4		 -
Life expectancy at birth total population:
73.52 years

male:
71.37 years

female:
75.77 years (2001 est.)		 -
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over has ever attended school

total population:
98%

male:
99%

female:
98% (1970 est.)		 -
Location Caribbean, two island groups in the North Atlantic Ocean, southeast of The Bahamas body of water between Europe, Asia, and North America, mostly north of the Arctic Circle
Map references Central America and the Caribbean Arctic Region
Maritime claims exclusive fishing zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM		 -
Merchant marine none (2000 est.) -
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the UK -
National holiday Constitution Day, 30 August (1976) -
Nationality noun:
none

adjective:
none		 -
Natural hazards frequent hurricanes ice islands occasionally break away from northern Ellesmere Island; icebergs calved from glaciers in western Greenland and extreme northeastern Canada; permafrost in islands; virtually ice locked from October to June; ships subject to superstructure icing from October to May
Natural resources spiny lobster, conch sand and gravel aggregates, placer deposits, polymetallic nodules, oil and gas fields, fish, marine mammals (seals and whales)
Net migration rate 13.69 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Political parties and leaders People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Derek H. TAYLOR]; Progressive National Party or PNP [Washington MISICK]; United Democratic Party or UDP [Wendal SWANN] -
Political pressure groups and leaders NA -
Population 18,122 (July 2001 est.) -
Population below poverty line NA% -
Population growth rate 3.41% (2001 est.) -
Ports and harbors Grand Turk, Providenciales Churchill (Canada), Murmansk (Russia), Prudhoe Bay (US)
Radio broadcast stations AM 3 (one inactive), FM 6, shortwave 0 (1998) -
Radios 8,000 (1997) -
Railways 0 km -
Religions Baptist 41.2%, Methodist 18.9%, Anglican 18.3%, Seventh-Day Adventist 1.7%, other 19.9% (1980) -
Sex ratio at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.03 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.11 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.8 male(s)/female

total population:
1.07 male(s)/female (2001 est.)		 -
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal -
Telephone system general assessment:
fair cable and radiotelephone services

domestic:
NA

international:
2 submarine cables; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)		 -
Telephones - main lines in use 3,000 (1994) -
Telephones - mobile cellular 0 (1994) -
Television broadcast stations 0 (broadcasts from The Bahamas are received; cable television is established) (1997) -
Terrain low, flat limestone; extensive marshes and mangrove swamps central surface covered by a perennial drifting polar icepack that averages about 3 meters in thickness, although pressure ridges may be three times that size; clockwise drift pattern in the Beaufort Gyral Stream, but nearly straight-line movement from the New Siberian Islands (Russia) to Denmark Strait (between Greenland and Iceland); the icepack is surrounded by open seas during the summer, but more than doubles in size during the winter and extends to the encircling landmasses; the ocean floor is about 50% continental shelf (highest percentage of any ocean) with the remainder a central basin interrupted by three submarine ridges (Alpha Cordillera, Nansen Cordillera, and Lomonosov Ridge)
Total fertility rate 3.22 children born/woman (2001 est.) -
Transportation - note - sparse network of air, ocean, river, and land routes; the Northwest Passage (North America) and Northern Sea Route (Eurasia) are important seasonal waterways
Unemployment rate 10% (1997 est.) -
Waterways none -
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